INTRODUCTION:
Circle: A figure made by all the points which are at the same distance from a fixed point is called a circle.
Center : The fixed point is known as the centre of the circle.
Radius : The distance from any point on the circle to the fixed point is the radius. Any line segment which joins the centre and any point on the circle is known as the Radius.
Chord : Any line segment made by joining any two points on the boundary of the circle is called Chord.
Diameter : Diameter is two times the radius. It is the longest chord on the circle which passes through the centre. All the diameters have the same length.
Circumference :The length of the boundary of the circle is called the circumference of the circle.
Arc : An arc is the part of the circle joining two points on the circumference of the circle.
Sector : An area made by an arc and two radii of the circle, by joining the centre to the endpoints of the arc is called Sector.
Segment : An area made by a chord and an arc of the circle is called Segment. The Relation between a Circle and a Line in a Plane There could be three situations when there are a line and a circle.
Non-intersecting Line : When a line and a circle have no common point then it is called a Non-intersecting Line with respect to the circle.
Secant : When a line intersects a circle in such a way that there are two common points then that line is called Secant.
Tangent : When a line touches the circle in such a way that they have only one common point then that line is called a Tangent. That common point is called the point of contact.
The tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact.
The lengths of the two tangents from an external point to a circle are equal.