History

Rise of the Novel * The wide circulation of printed copies and circulating libraries made the novel a popular genre. * The first novels were written in the 17th century but novel writing blossomed in the 18th century. * The aristocrats, gentlemanly class and the upcoming lower middle class became the first readers of novels ... Read more

The Advent of Print Technology * Hand printed technology was first developed in China, Japan and Korea. * In AD 868, the Japanese printed their first book – Diamond Sutra. * In Japan, Kitagawa Utamaro introduced an interesting art form called Ukiyo. * In the thirteenth century, the hand-printing technology was introduced in Europe via ... Read more

The City of London * After the Industrial revolution, London’s population increased fourfold. * The city gradually underwent urbanisation. * People sought work in the London dockyard, and in other industries. * The growing population of London caused concern for the police, philanthropists and Industrialists, * London faced a severe housing shortage and migrant workers ... Read more

Before the Industrial Revolution * The early industrialization phase was also known as proto industrialization. * In proto industrial times, most workers worked from their homes and not in factories. * The invention of the cloth mill by Richard Arkwright brought about a revolution in cloth production. * Even at the end of the 19th ... Read more

World Trade Pre-modern to 18th Century * The pre-modern world was interlinked with the help of well established trade routes. * Intercultural exchange happened through the exchange of food items as well. * China and India remained important players in world trade till the eighteenth century. * With the rising importance of America, Europe emerged ... Read more

The Nationalist Movement of India – An Introduction * Rise of nationalism in India was linked with opposition of colonialism. * The First World War created a new political and economic situation in India. * The Indian freedom movement geared up momentum once again with the coming of Mahatma Gandhi in 1915. Satyagraha – Satyagraha ... Read more

Beginning of Colonialism in Vietnam * The French colonized Vietnam and used its natural resources to meet their business needs. * Policy maker Paul Bernard felt that the main motive behind acquiring colonies was to make profits and so, it was important to develop the economy of the colony. Civilizing Mission in Vietnam – Education ... Read more

The Rise of Nationalism in Europe * The concepts of liberty, equality, fraternity and nationalism dominated the social and political scene of Europe during the 19th century. * Utopian vision refers to a vision of a society that is so ideal that it is unlikely to actually exist. * Absolutism refers to a system of ... Read more