Notes

Chapter 2. Federalism

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Types of Federalism * Federalism is a system in which the Government power is divided between a central authority and its various constituent units. * In federal system a state government has power of its own and is not answerable to the central government. * There are two or more tiers or levels of Government ... Read more

Chapter 1. Power Sharing

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Belgium and Sri Lanka * To deal with conflicts arising out of language diversity, Sri Lanka applied * Majoritarianism and Belgium used Accommodation approach. * The Sri Lanka Tamils began an upheaval with the objectives of acknowledging * Tamil as an official language and to bring a about social and political equality and regional sovereignty. ... Read more

Chapter 8. Mineral and Energy Resources

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Types and Occurrence of Minerals * Minerals are essential for our economic development and personal well-being. * Minerals occur naturally in the earth’s crust * India is a mineral-rich country. Minerals can be classified as: *  Metallic minerals *  Ferrous minerals *  Non-ferrous minerals *  Precious metals *  Non-Metallic minerals *  Energy or Fuel minerals ... Read more

Chapter 7. Manufacturing Industries

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Introduction to Manufacturing Industries * The process of using raw material to produce more valuable goods in large quantities is called manufacturing. * Manufacturing industries play a crucial role in the overall and especially economic development of the country. * Agriculture and industry mutually benefits each other. Location and Classification of Industries * The ideal ... Read more

Chapter 6. Life Lines and National Economy

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Means of Transport and Communication * Transport is a key factor that influences India’s rapid economic development. * Means of communication allow people in different locations to connect with each other without actually travelling. * Transport and communication are the true lifelines of trade and economic development. Roadways * The road network in India is ... Read more

Chapter 5. Disaster Management

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Disaster Management * A disaster is a destructive event that occurs suddenly and involves loss of life and property. * Disaster can be of two, natural and man-made. * Earthquakes, volcanic activity, Tsunamis, flood, cyclones, landslides, avalanches and droughts are natural disasters. * Some of the ma-made disasters are: bomb explosions, terrorism, war or civil ... Read more

Chapter 4. Agriculture

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Types of Farming Systems of farming practiced in India are:    *  Primitive subsistence farming    *  intensive subsistence farming    *  Commercial farming Primitive subsistence farming:    *  Slash-and-burn agriculture or Shifting cultivation Intensive subsistence farming    *  Practiced in densely populated areas    *  Every available piece of land is used to get ... Read more