7.3 ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS :
Answer the following in one sentences :
1. What is the major objective of the Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways Project ?
Ans: The major objective is to reduce the time and distance between the mega cities of India
2. What is the special provision of the Pradhan Mantri Grameen Sadak Yojana
Ans: Under this scheme every village is linked to a major town by all season roads .
3. What is known as density of roads ?
Ans: The length of road per 100 square.km of area is known as density of roads .
4. What does the second class mail include ?
Ans: The second class mail includes book packets , registered newspapers and periodicals .
5. What is a trade ?
Ans: The exchange of goods among people , states and countries is called trade .
6. What is the main objective of launching the Golden Quadrilateral Super Highway ?
Ans: The major objective of launching the Golden Quadrilateral Super Higher way is to reduce time and distance between the mega cities of India .
7. Which organisation lays and maintains the National Highways in India ?
Ans: The National Highways are laid and maintained by the Central Public Works Department (CPWD) .
8. Why are metalled roads call ‘All weather roads’ ?
Ans: Metalled roads are made of cement , concrete or bitumen of coal ; hence they are usable throughout the year including the rainy season .
9. Konkan Railway has benefitted Goa . How ?
Ans: The Konkan railway along the west coast of India has facilitated the movement of passengers and goods in this most important economic region of India .
10. Which is the deepest , landlocked and well-protected port of India ?
Ans: Vishakhapatnam is the deepest , landlocked and well-protected port of India .
11. Why is air travel the most convenient mode of transport in the North-eastern part of India ?
Ans: The north-eastern part of India is marked with the presence of big rivers , dissected relief , dense forests , frequent floods and international frontiers . Air travel has made access easier in this part of India .
12. What is favourable balance of trade ?
Ans: When the value of exports exceeds the value of imports , is is called favourable balance of trade .
13. Why do Foreign tourists visit India ?
Ans: Foreign tourists visit India for heritage tourism , eco-tourism , adventure tourism , cultural tourism , medical tourism and business tourism .
Answer the following questions in two to three sentences :
1. Roads have an edge over the railways’ Why ?
Ans:
i) Road transport is economical in transportation of few persons and relatively smaller amount of goods over short distances .
ii) Construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway lines .
iii) It also provides door to door service , thus the cost of loading and uploading is much lower .
2. What is the significance of the border roads ?
Ans:
i) Border Roads Organisation was established for the development of the roads of strategic importance in the northern and north-eastern border areas .
ii) These roads have improved accessibility in the areas of difficult terrain and have helped in the economic development of these area .
3. Why are metalled roads preferred over unmetalled roads ?
Ans:
i) Metalled roads may be made up of cement , concrete over even bitumen coal , therefore they are all weathered roads .
ii) Unmetalled roads go out of use in the rainy season .
4. What are the problems faced by road transportation in Goa ?
Ans:
i) The increasing number of vehicles .
ii) People do not follow the traffic rules .
iii) Traffic signals are not properly displayed .
iv) These poor quality roads are washed away during the rainy season .
5. What is the importance of railway in India ?
Ans:
i) Railway are the principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India .
ii) Railways make it possible to conduct many activities like business . sightseeing , pilgrim age along with transportation of goods over longer distances .
iii) Railway accelerate the development of the industry and agriculture .
iv) They bind the economic life of the country .
6. Why are the Himalayan mountains regions unfavorable for the construction of railway lines ?
Ans: The Himalayan mountains regions are unfavorable for the construction of railway lines due to :
i) High relief ,
ii) Sparse population and
iii) Lack of economic opportunities .
7. What are the problems faced by the Konkan railways ?
Ans:
i) Sinking of track in some stretches during rainy season is a major problem .
ii) Land slides is also a common problem during rainy season .
8. Why are waterways important ?
Ans:
i) Waterways are the cheapest means of transport .
ii) They are most suitable for carrying heavy and bulky goods .
iii) It is a fuel efficient and environment friendly mode of transport .
9. ‘Tourism is an important industry’ . Why ? OR Why is tourism important for India/Goa ?
Ans:
i) More than 15 million people are directly engaged in the tourism industry .
ii) Tourism promotes national integration
iii) Tourism provides support to local handicrafts and cultural pursuits .
iv) Tourism helps in the development of international understanding about our culture and heritage .
10. Why should we promote tourism in Goa ?
Ans:
i) Tourism provides large scale employment directly and indirectly in Goa .
ii) It fetches valuable foreign exchange as many foreign tourist visit in Goa .
11. Suggest any two steps to promote foreign tourism in Goa .
Ans:
i) Infrastructure facilities should be further improved .
ii) Foreign tourists should be given full protection from the antisocial elements .
12. What are the advantages of the Border Roads ?
Ans:
i) Border Roads have improved accessibility in the areas of difficult terrain .
ii) They have also helped in the economic development of the border areas .
13. Mention some problems suffered by rail transport in India .
Ans:
i) Many passengers travel without tickets .
ii) Thefts and damaging of railway property has not yet stopped completely .
iii) People stop the trains by pulling the chain unnecessarily causing heavy damage to the railway .
14. What is the importance of Pawanhans Helicopters Ltd ? OR
Helicopters service is the important mode of transport in some parts of India . Why ?
Ans:
i) Pawanhans Helicopters Ltd. provides helicopters services to the Oil and Natural Gas Commission in its off-shore operations .
ii) It also provides Helicopters services to inaccessible areas and difficult terrains like the North-eastern states and Jammu and Kashmir , Himachal Pradesh and Uttaranchal .
15. How has India’s international trade undergone a change in the last fifteen years ?
Ans:
i) Exchange of commodities and goods have been superceded by the exchange of information and knowledge .
ii) India has emerged as a software giant at the international level .
16. What are the drawbacks of the consumer movement ?
Ans:
i) The Northern Plains are a vast level land and have a high density of population .
ii) The Northern Plains are rich in agricultural resources and have many agro-based industries .
17. Write two points of distinction between National highways and State highways .
Ans:
| National Highways | State Highways |
| 1) They link extreme parts of the country . | 1) They link state capitals and different district headquarters . |
| 2) They are laid and maintained by the Central Public Works Department (CPWD) . | 2) They are constructed and maintained by the State Public Works Department (SPWD) . |
18. What problems are faced by road transportation in India ?
Ans:
i) The road network is inadequate keeping in view the volume of traffic and passengers .
ii) Roads are highly congested in cities .
iii) The National Highways are inadequate .
iv) Most of the bridges and culverts are old and narrow .
19. How is Pipeline Transportation Network useful in India ?
Ans:
i) Pipelines are used for transporting crude oil , petroleum products and natural gas fields to refineries , fertilizer factories and big thermal power plants .
ii) Solids can also be transported through a pipeline when converted into slurry .
iii) The initial cost of laying pipelines is high but subsequent running costs are minimal .
iv) It rules out trans-shipment losses or delays .
20. Why is air travel important in some parts of India ?
Ans:
i) Air travel is the fastest , most comfortable and prestigious mode of transport .
ii) It can cover very difficult terrains like high mountains , dense forests , deserts and oceans with ease .
iii) Air travel has made access to the North-eastern states easier .
21. Why are means of Mass Communication important ?
Ans:
i) Mass Communication provides entertainment and creates awareness among the people about various programmes in national , regional and local languages .
ii) All India Radio broadcasts a variety of programmes in national , regional and local languages .
iii) Doordarshan broadcasts a variety of programmes from entertainment , educational , to sports and so on .
iv) Newspapers , periodicals and films educate the people socially , politically and emotionally .